Once, while he was attending elementary school, I often find my friends who are good generally have larger heads compared with other friends.
Similarly, in a film about human beings in the future, they are always depicted with a large head as a symbol of good people.
In normal circumstances, there are indoor brain cerebrospinal fluid of more or less 150 ml. This fluid is produced by a part of the brain, the balance is regulated through its own circulatory system and be absorbed by other parts of the brain.
For some reason, the cerebrospinal fluid may accumulate in the cerebrospinal fluid space or cavity (in the language of medicine in the brain called ventricles), which causes brain and pressed into thin skull to enlarge.
This disease called hydrocephalus (hydrocephalus), derived from the word hydro meaning water and Cephalus which means head. This disease is one type of congenital diseases that are fairly common in newborns and infants.
However, the disease can also occur in older children and in adults, which would no longer show the form of an enlarged head, because the skull is hard and the junction between the parts of the skull bones have closed.
Many types of hydrocephalus begins in childhood, usually accompanied by other congenital abnormalities. The incidence of congenital hydrocephalus is 1 case per 1,000 live births. In the United States, the overall incidence of hydrocephalus at birth by 0.5-4 per 1,000 live births.
Meanwhile, the number of cases of hydrocephalus in three months after the birth of life as much as 0.1 to 0.4%. The number of cases of hydrocephalus in the world is quite high. In the case of the Netherlands is reported to have occurred around 0.65 per mile per year, and in America about 2 per mile per year. While in Indonesia reaches 10 miles per year.
The exact cause of congenital abnormalities is still unclear. Usually occur in pregnancy that the mother was young she was, and is caused by:
A. Lack of oxygen (hypoxia)
2. adiasi
3. Nutritional deficiencies
4. Inflammation or infection
5. Injury or trauma
6. Drugs
7. Hormonal
On hydrocephalus, an excessive collection of cerebrospinal fluid in the space of the brain may occur because:
A. Excessive production of cerebrospinal fluid,
2. Cerebrospinal fluid flow disturbance,
3. Interference absorption process (absorption) of the brain fluid.
These situations can be caused by several things that can be grouped into three major categories, namely:
A. Congenital abnormalities (congenital)
2. And sometimes cerebral hemorrhage
3. Brain tumors
To treat hydrocephalus, the only way is surgery of the head. Making bypass surgery aims to reduce excessive fluid collection yag brain inside the skull.
Typically, such operations were performed by placing a special pump and hose to drain fluid from the head to the abdominal cavity dlam. Although this kind of surgery for infants or children, including the operation of large, if not dikomplikasikan, the patient was discharged 3 or 4 days after surgery.
For the case of hydrocephalus caused by a brain tumor pressure, in addition to making bypass surgery, also need other measures to eliminate the cause of it.
Parents often assume that the patient is the child's disorder only on the shape of the head are large, while the child's brain function or intelligence is not disrupted. Especially since the first, an overview of history justifies us that big-headed people who physically was more clever.